What Are the Two Main Types of Analysis in Art History?

Art|Art History

The two main types of analysis in art history are formal analysis and iconographic analysis. Formal analysis is the study of the physical aspects of a work of art, such as its composition, color, texture, line, shape, and form.

It is important to note that formal analysis does not involve interpretation or evaluation but rather focuses on describing the visual elements and characteristics of a work. Iconographic analysis examines the subject matter or content of a work and attempts to determine what it symbolizes or represents. It involves interpreting the meaning behind the subject matter and digging deeper into the cultural context in which it was created.

Formal analysis usually begins by asking questions about what can be seen in the artwork – such as its physical appearance and characteristics. For example, what kind of shapes are used? What colors are present?

Is there any texture? Is there a particular composition or arrangement? How does it compare to other works by the same artist or from the same period?

Iconographic analysis looks beyond just physical characteristics to explore what a work means or symbolizes. It is often used to uncover hidden messages in artwork that may have been intended by its creator.

Iconography may involve looking at symbols and metaphors that appear in works of art as well as examining religious, historical, political, social, and cultural contexts to identify symbolism. This can be done through research into various sources like literature, archives, documents, photographs, etc.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, art history involves two main types of analysis: formal analysis which looks at physical characteristics such as composition, color and texture; and iconographic analysis which attempts to uncover deeper meanings within works by exploring religious or cultural contexts. Formal and iconographic analyses can be used together to develop a better understanding of works of art.